Perched within the Himalayas between India and China, tiny Bhutan, with cliff-hanging monasteries, golden-roof temples and colourful prayer flags strung alongside trails and peaks, stands because the final Buddhist kingdom on earth.
Its cautious tourism coverage has allowed it to slowly open to the skin world with out compromising its tradition and traditions or degrading its pristine pure setting – two pillars of Gross Nationwide Happiness (GNH), a novel philosophy that guides the federal government of Bhutan.
Having traveled extensively in Bhutan on project, I’ve come to embrace its various seasons and actions, from horse trekking in Bumthang to rafting down the purple-jacaranda-lined Punakha River to studying how to make hoentey (a specialty buckwheat dumpling eaten throughout Lomba, the New Yr) within the semi-remote Haa Valley.
This fast information navigates Bhutan’s cultural panorama, highlighting its native customs and quirks, as you intend your journey to the nation identified regionally as Druk Yul, the Land of the Thunder Dragon.
1. Unbiased journey is lastly attainable, however a tour operator remains to be the way in which to go
Since reopening in 2022, Bhutan has scrapped its all-inclusive tour-package minimal, and initially raised the Sustainable Every day Payment (SDF) to US$200 before lowering it to US$100, legitimate now by way of September 2027. There’s a 50% low cost for teenagers ages six to 11, with no SDF for these underneath six. A one-time US$40 visa-application charge additionally applies.
Charges are considerably decrease for vacationers from India, the Maldives and Bangladesh. Indian vacationers want to have a passport or voter ID card. Aadhar playing cards usually are not accepted.
The excellent news is that adventurous vacationers planning a visit can now independently guide lodging, guides (necessary for any journey past Thimphu and Paro) and transportation. You can too, for the primary time ever, lengthen your visa whilst you’re there, and you may even drive your individual automotive – for a charge.
Nonetheless, for actions like trekking, attending festivals or partaking in additional specialised pursuits, akin to birding, horse trekking or biking, utilizing a tour operator will undoubtedly improve your total expertise – and is usually required. Lists of licensed tour operators, guides and lodging, together with accommodations and homestays, will be discovered on the official Bhutan Journey web site.
2. Ebook early for festivals and trekking within the excessive season
Since reopening, there are now not incentives for offseason journey, besides for infrequent resort offers. This implies chances are you’ll as nicely time your journey with autumn and spring, when essentially the most well-known tsechus (monastic festivals) happen and the leaves change or rhododendrons bloom, respectively. Ebook far forward if you happen to’re contemplating attending a celebration or going trekking.
That stated, locals argue that anytime of yr is fantastic to go to Bhutan – and that summer season and winter are simply as fantastic, with loads of lesser-known festivals. However these seasons usually are not best if you happen to’re planning a multiday trek, due to muddy trails and chilly tenting.
Nonetheless, the winter vacation season is auspicious, providing crisp air, clear skies and excellent gentle for images, with few vacationers. Plus, if you happen to go for the December 17 Nationwide Day celebrations at Changlimithang Stadium in Thimphu, chances are you’ll even get the possibility to meet the king!
3. Journey insurance coverage is necessary
Per Bhutan’s Tourism Guidelines and Rules 2022, you will need to have journey insurance coverage that covers unintended demise, everlasting incapacity due to accidents, emergency medical evacuation and hospital costs in case of illness. You’ll want your proof of insurance coverage protection – in English – so as to apply on your visa.
For those who do end up feeling unwell throughout your journey, take into account a go to to Thimphu’s Nationwide Institute of Conventional Drugs. A health care provider will assess your pulse, temperature and ask about your bowels. In flip, you’ll obtain a prescription for ayurvedic drugs crafted from native vegetation, all for free of charge. (A small donation is appreciated.) One other moniker for Bhutan is “Menjong,” which aptly means “Land of Medicinal Herbs.”
Alternatively, head to the closest hospital or well being clinic for remedy geared in direction of Western drugs. The Jigme Dorji Wangchuck Nationwide Referral Hospital, also called the Nationwide Referral Hospital, is the most important in Bhutan and situated in Thimphu.
4. Solely two airways fly to Bhutan
Bhutan is served by two nationwide airways: Drukair and Bhutan Airways. Due to the difficult touchdown circumstances at Paro Worldwide Airport, surrounded by peaks as excessive as 5500m (18,000ft), solely a choose few pilots are approved to fly there.
Direct flights to and from Paro join you to numerous locations, together with Bangladesh (Dhaka), India (Bagdogra, Guwahati, Kolkata and New Delhi), Nepal (Kathmandu), Singapore, Thailand (Bangkok) and, from January 2024, the UAE (Sharjah). Whereas Bangkok and Delhi are widespread entry factors, Kathmandu guarantees essentially the most epic route, with glimpses of Mt Everest on clear days. Request a window seat on the left-hand aspect when flying to Bhutan.
Notice that it’s not attainable to examine your baggage by way of to your closing vacation spot, so that you’ll have to declare it before boarding your Bhutan connection.
You can too attain Bhutan overland by way of India. (Bhutan has border disputes with China. Transit isn’t attainable.)
5. Bhutan is the world’s first carbon-negative nation
Bhutan gained world consideration for being the world’s first carbon-negative nation. Apart from its comparatively underpopulated and underdeveloped standing (being roughly the identical measurement as Switzerland with solely 10% of its inhabitants), a key consider sustaining this achievement is a landmark constitutional mandate requiring the nation to preserve a minimal of 60% forest protection always. That is additional supported by the environmental conservation pillar of GNH.
Plastic has additionally been banned since 1999, although it is not usually enforced. Nonetheless, do your half to hold the setting clear. There’s loads of signage to remind you alongside the way in which: “Clear & lovely setting is a feast to the soul,” says one placard en route to the Tiger’s Nest Monastery.
6. Bhutan is exceptionally secure
Bhutan, a contented and religious Buddhist nation, maintains a low crime charge, with violent crime being scarce. One of many most secure international locations you’ll ever go to, it’s ranked the 25th-least-corrupt nation out of 180 international locations by Transparency Worldwide.
As a single lady, I by no means felt unsafe on any of my journeys to Bhutan. I used to be additionally by no means really “alone” since I used to be all the time underneath the watchful eye of my information or native pals. In recent times, the variety of feminine guides has elevated, which is extra excellent news for solo girls vacationers.
7. Save the hike up to Tiger’s Nest for the tip
Acute Mountain Illness (AMS) can happen when vacationers are above 2500m (8202ft). Provided that essentially the most generally visited cities Thimphu and Paro are simply 200m to 300m beneath that threshold, and that a number of treks within the Bhutanese Himalayas traverse mountain passes reaching heights of 5000m, AMS is a danger in Bhutan.
Ascend slowly, take relaxation days when wanted, and if you happen to start to really feel sick, cease. If it isn’t managed rigorously, AMS can become life-threatening types of altitude illness, so pay shut consideration to how you feel. In case your signs don’t ease, descend instantly. Helicopter rescue is all the time an possibility in case of emergency.
Notice: Due to the altitude, acclimatization could also be vital. I like to recommend ready a couple of days or till the tip of your journey – saving the most effective for final! – before embarking on the enduring Tiger’s Nest Monastery trek, which ascends about 1000m (3000ft). Be certain that to schedule a standard hot-stone bathtub afterward as nicely.
8. Keep present in your vaccinations
No vaccines are required for entry into Bhutan. This consists of the COVID-19 jab, though chances are you’ll want proof of it if you happen to’re touring by way of India.
That stated, it’s best to keep up-to-date together with your vaccines and seek the advice of a healthcare skilled a minimum of eight weeks before your departure in case you want any boosters. Commonplace suggestions embody vaccinations for hepatitis A and B, diphtheria, tetanus, and typhoid, as well as to childhood vaccinations for measles-mumps-rubella and polio.
For longer journeys, together with vacationers who’re shifting to Bhutan, chances are you’ll want to take into account vaccinations for Japanese encephalitis and rabies. Rabies is especially noteworthy since pleasant animals, like monkeys and canine, can all transmit the virus, and untreated an infection is deadly. In case you are bitten by an animal, akin to a stray canine, instantly go to the closest well being clinic and get a postexposure prophylaxis shot (you’ll want a complete of 4).
9. Pack a couple of medical necessities
Be cautious of mosquito-borne sicknesses when visiting in the summertime months and within the southern areas. Due to local weather change, Bhutan had its first nation-wide dengue epidemic in 2019. Dengue is lethal, and there’s no vaccine to defend towards it. (Malaria, which will be prevented with medicine, is uncommon and – fingers crossed – anticipated to be eradicated by 2025.)
You’ll want sunscreen too. Bhutan’s common elevation is 3280m (10,760ft), making it one of many highest international locations on the earth. It additionally shares the identical latitude as Texas, Egypt and the Bahamas, so the solar is robust. Shield your pores and skin – and your eyes.
There aren’t any tunnels in Bhutan, which suggests the mountain roads are windy. It’s your decision to take into account bringing Dramamine for automotive illness and Diamox for altitude illness – seek the advice of your healthcare supplier before you journey to talk about whether or not they’re best for you. Pack your individual diapers and tampons, if you happen to use them; you may, nevertheless, discover menstrual pads in shops and at choose accommodations and eating places. And don’t neglect earplugs – at night time, howling canine will be disruptive to sleep, particularly in downtown Thimphu.
10. Bhutanese meals is surprisingly scrumptious – and spicy!
For many years, Bhutanese delicacies suffered in repute as a result of vacationers have been largely uncovered to mediocre buffets at their three-star accommodations, that includes Indian, Chinese language and continental dishes tailor-made exactly to their palates.
Fortunately, these buffets are slowly being phased out. The native delicacies, emphasizing recent and seasonal substances, is on the up and up and proving to be extraordinarily tasty, if you happen to know the place to go. Ask your tour operator or information for suggestions.
And whereas Bhutanese delicacies is outlined by scorching chili peppers, akin to with ema datse (chilies with cheese) and kewa datse (potatoes, chilies and cheese), dishes will be modified in accordance to your style if requested prematurely. Nonetheless, chances are you’ll want antacids.
11. Don’t drink the faucet water
Faucet water isn’t secure to drink in Bhutan until it has been boiled or purified. Ask your resort or guesthouse for boiled water, or buy bottled water to have in your particular person.
Do, nevertheless, drink the native whiskey and lager (Bhutan has a flourishing craft-beer scene).
12. Be taught native etiquette
“Kuzu zangpo la” means “hey” in Dzongkha, a Sino-Tibetan language and the nationwide language of Bhutan, mostly spoken within the western a part of the nation. Recite this whereas bowing (shaking palms is much less widespread). The deeper the bow, the larger the respect.
Apart from Dzongkha (and the various different native languages and dialects), English is extensively spoken as a result of it’s the language of instruction in colleges. When Bhutanese converse in English, it is not uncommon to hear the phrase “la” on the finish of a sentence or query as an indication of respect; for instance, “Thanks, la.” Be happy to reciprocate.
If you end up invited into somebody’s dwelling and provided meals, custom dictates that you just say the phrases “meshu meshu” whereas protecting your mouth together with your palms. After two or three affords, it’s customary to settle for. Equally, if you’re the one making a proposal, and even giving a present or tip, count on related resistance. (Do take into account giving a small tip if somebody has invited you into their dwelling and served you meals or arra, a neighborhood spirit distilled from rice.)
13. Tipping is appreciated (however not necessary)
Even if you happen to’ve paid prematurely on your all-inclusive journey, present appreciation to your information and driver by tipping them on the finish. On a trek, lengthen this gesture to the crew – ie the prepare dinner, any helpers and the horsemen. Whereas 10–15% is regular, the quantity and forex are up to you.
Tipping isn’t vital at eating places and accommodations. A 10% service cost is already added to your invoice if you dine out.
14. Bhutan has nightlife
Whereas most individuals are drawn to Bhutan for its serene landscapes, peaceable Buddhist monasteries and imposing fortresses (dzongs) akin to Punakha Dzong, the nation is hiding a buzzing nightlife and music scene that’s equally price exploring.
Thimphu’s nightlife facilities round Chang Lam close to the stadium, that includes various choices just like the Zone (a preferred bar hangout), Mojo Park (a incredible music venue, the place the band Misty Terrace acquired its begin), the Gray Space (Bhutan’s first gastropub) and nightclubs Area 34 and Viva Metropolis, that are open to the wee hours.
Notice: Tuesdays are dry days in Bhutan, and all bars are closed. Wednesdays are “girls’ nights.”
15. It’s lastly authorized to smoke in Bhutan, however be discreet
Bhutan was lengthy identified for its drastic but visionary well being legislation that forbade smoking and the commerce of tobacco merchandise. Whereas the legislation was not too long ago reversed, smoking should be achieved “out of sight,” ie behind buildings. The identical goes for vaping.
Regardless of hashish rising prolifically all through the nation, it stays unlawful. Possession can land you in jail for up to one yr. The one “medicine” produced within the nation are conventional medicines.
Notice: Whereas vaping merchandise are offered in a couple of locations in Thimphu, they’re not extensively obtainable. It’s advisable to convey your individual.
16. Maintain an open thoughts
Whether or not it’s migoi (yeti) sightings in Bhutan’s wild east, the importance of phalluses as symbols of safety or the flying tiger bringing Guru Rinpoche to the cave the place the gravity-defying Tiger’s Nest Monastery now stands, folktales, myths and legends are an integral a part of Bhutan’s tradition and nationwide satisfaction – and believed to be true.
Method Bhutan with an open thoughts. Westerners could discover it difficult to droop logic and motive, however be variety when pushing again, and take into account setting apart your individual preconceptions. Do as the brand new tourism slogan says: Consider.
17. Pack layers
You’ll need layers for fluctuating temperatures and ranging terrains, and modest clothes for coming into temples and monasteries, together with socks for chilly temple flooring. Apart from a very good pair of mountaineering boots, convey a nicer shoe to put on with a gho or kira (Bhutanese nationwide gown for women and men, respectively), do you have to determine to purchase an outfit – extremely really useful if you happen to’re attending a competition or assembly with a dignitary. For inspiration, observe Bhutan Avenue Trend on Instagram or Fb.
18. Carry small change
Money is critical for getting souvenirs, leaving small donations at monasteries, nunneries and temples (notably if you happen to’d like a blessing from a monk), and giving ideas to your information, driver and trekking crew, as talked about earlier.
For those who’re an impartial traveler, you’ll need to have small payments readily available to pay for entrance charges to websites and museums. Few – as in virtually zero – companies settle for bank cards.
19. Keep linked
SIM playing cards used to be difficult to acquire, however now you may simply get them upon arrival at Paro Worldwide Airport. You can too lease a pocket Wi-Fi machine there – helpful if you happen to’re planning to go to distant areas and wish to be on-line.
20. Deliver money and obtain the BNB MyPay app
It’s simpler to convey your individual cash (make sure that the payments are crisp) fairly than depend on and hunt down ATM machines within the nation. The official forex in Bhutan is the ngultrum, which is pegged 1:1 to the Indian rupee. Do alternate at a financial institution or resort with the intention to have some small ngultrum notes for butter-lamp choices and such.
Most Bhutanese companies settle for money or funds by way of the BNB MyPay app. International guests can activate the app by downloading it from Google Play or Apple’s App Retailer, inserting a neighborhood SIM bought on the airport and funding the digital pockets with their credit score or debit card.
21. Spin prayer wheels clockwise, and different temple ideas
When visiting Buddhist monasteries, nunneries and temples, observe correct etiquette: take away sneakers and hats, put on clothes that covers your shoulders and knees, chorus from images in altar rooms, keep away from pointing, by no means lean towards a stupa and take into account leaving a small donation on the altar or with a monk. If searching for a blessing, it is customary to supply a small donation.
Be it in a automotive or on foot, circumambulation of a Buddhist temple or shrine, akin to a stupa or chorten, should all the time be clockwise. To go counterclockwise, whether or not it’s out of ignorance or on objective, is seen as offensive, culturally insensitive and unfortunate. Equally, prayer wheels, which assist purify karma, ought to be spun in a clockwise course.
22. Don’t cut price exhausting
Not like another locations in Asia, like India or Vietnam, the place you’re anticipated to haggle, Bhutan’s market scene is much more simple. You usually pay the value that’s listed – aggressive negotiating ways are a international idea.
That stated, be ready to spend a fairly penny if you happen to plan to store. Your eyes might be undoubtedly drawn to abundantly colourful textiles crafted from pure fibers, like silk and cotton. These can take months to assemble, and the costs – which may high 4 figures – replicate the meticulous work and cultural richness woven into every bit, usually achieved by girls.
Notice: Geometric yathras, textiles fabricated from yak wool and generally present in central Bhutan’s Bumthang area, are extra budget-friendly.)
23. Seek the advice of the lunar calendar
The Bhutanese calendar relies on Tibet’s, which follows the lunar calendar. Buddhist festivals, like tsechus, observe the lunar calendar, which means the dates change from yr to yr. There are different cultural festivals, like Bhutan Nationwide Day and the Black Necked Crane Pageant in Phobjikha Valley, that observe the Gregorian calendar and subsequently keep the identical.